Great topic! Guess I'm late into this discussion, and many pertinent views have been shared on this subject although some thoughts on brand and branding are if I can say so, a bit mixed up. Brand and branding are two different things.
Brand is how the customer knows you (name) and what the customer thinks of you/ your business (values).
Branding on the other hand, is the 'process' of influencing that thinking - through the use of visual identity (logo, colours, imagery, typography), communications (ads, PR, blogs, websites, brochures, sales people, online forums) and behaviour (quality of relationships with society, customers, business partners, employees, government/ law). So branding isn't about visual presence and colourful ads. alone. Yes big ad campiagns can create the perception of big brand but 'behaviour' actually shows up the real size of the brand.
So to put it simply, 'brand' is perception and 'branding' is the process of creating, nurturing, maintaining and growing that perception.
As Dr. Mukherjee says branding 'suggests', 'promises' or 'proposes' differentiation or unique value. The company's behaviour - how it upholds and strengthens that promise through its day-to-day interactions then 'validates' and 'strengthens' that differentiation. Ex: ICICI Bank promises 'hum hain na' but when you deal with the bank (especially its call centre) you realize what a right royal mess it is...lots of brand 'activity' but failed branding! On the other hand, JustDial promises instant information and it surely does!
If one took the above perspective of branding, scale and size is irrelevant.
Any business, any size that is serious about staying in business and growing must engage in branding. SME, MSME, MNC, Goverment agency, the neighborhood restuarant - all need branding. For emerging businesses and SMEs especially those in the b2b domain, branding is core to the design of a successful business. And no it isn't about big budget visibility campaigns.
Lets remember that Google, Microsoft and the legions of big brands we know all started small (were SMEs). They all had one thing in common though: an uncommon point of view, a differentiation which they nurtured through their behaviour - reinforcing their promise of innovation, convenience, 'cool', different - over time.
So is branding for SMEs? YES!
Is brand linked to scale? YES! It's what paves the path for scale.